Entire upper extremity depends upon the shoulder girdle to serve as a base from which to function The shoulder girdle is composed by the scapula and clavicle. The Scapula and Clavicle move as a unit. Only attachment of the upper extremity to the axial skeleton is via the scapula and its attachment through the clavicle at the sternoclavicular joint
HESS 510 Chapter 4 The Shoulder Girdle PPT Series 4A
Only attachment of the upper extremity to the axial skeleton is via the scapula and its attachment through the clavicle at the sternoclavicular joint.
Manubrium. Clavicle. Coracoid process. Acromion process. Glenoid fossa. Lateral border (axillary) Medial border (vertebral) Inferior angle. Superior Angle. Spine of Scapula.
Supraspinous fossa. Infraspinous fossa. Subscapular fossa. 3D View. THE CLAVCLE.
Shoulder girdle (scapulothoracic motion) Scapula moves on the rib cage. Most joint motion occurs at the sternoclavicular joint (SC)and less at the acromioclavicular joint (AC)
Sternoclavicular (SC) Classified as a (multiaxial) arthrodial joint (also classified as a seller joint) Movements - In relation to the manubrium, the clavicle moves: Anteriorly 15 degrees with protraction. Posteriorly 15 degrees with retraction. In some slight rotary gliding movements.
Sternoclavicular (SC) Ligamentous support. Anteriorly by the anterior SC ligament. Posteriorly by the posterior SC ligament. Costoclavicular and interclavicular ligaments provide stability against superior displacement.
Acromioclavicular (AC) Arthrodial classification. 20- to 30-degree total gliding and rotational motion accompanying other shoulder girdle and shoulder joint motions. Supported by. Coracoclavicular ligaments (conoid and trapezoid) Superior acromioclavicular ligament. Inferior acromioclavicular ligament.
Primary Movement occurs at the scapula and posterior ribcage. Not a true synovial joint and does not have regular synovial features. Movement depends on SC and AC joints which allows the scapula to move. 25-degree abduction- adduction. 60-degree upward- downward rotation. 55-degree elevation- depression. Supported dynamically by its muscles. Shoulder girdle movements = scapula movements. Wherever the scapula goes, the clavicle follows.
Abduction (protraction) - Scapula moves laterally away from the spinal column. Adduction (retraction) - Scapula moves medially toward spinal the column. Downward rotation - Returning the inferior angle medially and inferiorly toward the spinal column and the glenoid fossa to its normal position. Upward rotation - Turning the glenoid fossa upward and moving the inferior angle superiorly and laterally away from the spinal column to assist in raising the arm.
Depression - Downward or inferior movement of the scapula, as in returning to a normal from a shoulder shrug Elevation - Upward or superior movement of the scapula, as in shrugging the shoulders Shoulder girdle muscles function to: Stabilize the scapula so that the shoulder joint muscles will have a stable base from which to exert force for moving the humerus. Contract to maintain the scapula in a relatively static position during shoulder joint actions. Contract to move the shoulder girdle and to enhance movement of the upper extremity when shoulders go through extreme ranges of motion.
For some shoulder girdle movements, the scapula must rotate or tilt on its axis: Lateral tilt (outward tilt, internal rotation) During abduction the scapula rotates about its vertical axis resulting in posterior movement of the medial border and anterior movement of the lateral border (winging) Medial tilt (inward tilt, external rotation); return from lateral tilt. During extreme adduction the scapula rotates about its vertical axis, resulting in anterior movement of the medial border and posterior movement of the lateral border.
Anterior tilt (upward tilt) Rotational movement of the scapula about the frontal axis occurring during glenohumeral hyperextension. Superior border moving anteroinferiorly and inferior angle moving posterosuperiorly. Posterior tilt (downward tilt) Rotational movement of the scapula about the frontal axis occurring during glenohumeral hyperflexion. Superior border moving posteroinferiorly and inferior angle moving anterosuperiorly.
Shoulder joint and shoulder girdle work together in carrying out upper-extremity activities Shoulder girdle movement is not dependent on the shoulder joint and its muscles. As the shoulder joint goes through more extreme ranges of motion, scapular muscles contract to move the shoulder girdle so that its glenoid fossa will be in a more appropriate position from which the humerus can move. Without the accompanying scapula movement, the humerus can only be raised into approximately 90 degrees of total shoulder abduction and flexion.
This works through the action of appropriate muscles of both joints working in synergy to accomplish the desired action of entire upper extremity. Example - If we want to raise our hand out to the side laterally as high as possible, the serratus anterior and trapezius (middle and lower fibers) muscles upwardly rotate the scapula as the supraspinatus and deltoid initiate glenohumeral abduction. END of PPT SERIES 4A. Synergy between the scapula and shoulder joint muscles enhances movement of entire upper extremity.
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